chemical processes in platinum mines

How Is Platinum Mined History and Practices

Extraction and Refining of the Platinum Metals Johnson ...

A major development in the world’s platinum industry took place in the early nineteen twenties when large deposits of platinum bearing ore were discovered in the Transvaal in South Africa. This led to the formation in 1931 of Rustenburg Platinum Mines Limited to work these deposits, and this company remains to this day the only platinum producer in South Africa and the only major producer in ...

Sarel Pieterse - Graduate Process Engineer - Sedibelo ...

Ambitious and motivated process engineer who thrives off solving complex problems analytically within a high-pressure environment to provide successful solutions and optimal outcomes. A team-player with a reputation for increasing team morale aided by a strong technical foundation (BEng, Chemical

Chemicals Used in Mining - Hesperian Health Guides

Sulfuric acid is a toxic chemical used in copper mining. It is also a byproduct of many kinds of mining, mixing with water and heavy metals to form acid mine drainage. Sulfuric acid smells like rotten eggs. Contact with sulfuric acid can cause burns, blindness, and death. Treatment

Chemical risks in mining industry - PREVOR

The production of minerals involves a series of physical and chemical processes. These may occur at any time from excavation of the ore that contains the metal in mineral form through production of the metal in marketable form.. Methods for physically separating the ore from surrounding material also include complex processes, such as leaching - mixing the ore with chemical solutions or other ...

Platinum Mining and Refining Education

Platinum Processes Uses. A solid platinum nugget. Image from popsci. Nuggets or grains of pure platinum can be found in nature, but more frequently, platinum is found alloyed with other metals, such as iron, copper, gold, nickel, and the other PGMs.The size of platinum grains or nuggets varies from small granules to pebbles weighing up to 20 pounds (9 kg) or more.

Digging deeper: Mining methods explained Anglo American

The underground mining methods we use include room and pillar, narrow vein stoping and large-scale mechanised mining. Room and pillar mining is a style of mining where tunnels are driven in a chess board pattern with massive square pillars between them

Top 10 Largest Platinum Mining Companies in the World (2018)

OVERVIEW OF PGM PROCESSING - Anglo American Platinum

Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) are recovered through underground and open pit mining from poly-metallic sulphide ores containing PGMs, Nickel, Copper and other metals: • Platinum (Pt), Palladium (Pd), Rhodium (Rh) and Ruthenium (Ru) are the most prevalent of the six PGMs, with Iridium (Ir), and Osmium (Os) found in much smaller quantities

Platinum Mining in South Africa - ProjectsIQ

However, the overall platinum mining process is labour and capital intensive taking half a year or more and 12 tons of ore to produce one troy ounce (31.135 g) of pure platinum. For up-to-the-minute reporting on platinum and other mining activities in South Africa, read more about a tailored subscription to Africa Mining IQ, the continent’s ...

Platinum - Wikipedia

Platinum is a chemical element with the symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal.Its name is derived from the Spanish term platino, meaning "little silver".. Platinum is a member of the platinum group of elements and group 10 of the periodic table of elements.It has six naturally occurring isotopes.

THE PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF PLATINUM GROUP METALS

from mining. Extraction and refining Extraction, concentration and refining of PGMs require complex, costly and energy-intensive processes that may take up to six months to produce refined metal from the time the first PGM-bearing ore is broken in a mine. 1 Chamber of Mines of South Africa, Annual Report 2012; figure does not include recycling.

Extraction and Refining of the Platinum Metals

Platinum Metals Rev., 1963, 7, (41,136-143 136 The earlier stages of the mining and recovery of the platinum metals from the Rustenburg Platinum Mines have been reviewed in some detail in this journal (I), while the geology of the Bushveld Igneous Complex and the platinum reefs-constituting

Platinum Refining Process

Platinum scrap such as platinum coins, palladium PD and platinum wire is weighed and then smelted. As the platinum scrap liquefies in the furnace or melts under a blowtorch, flux is mixed in to separate the pure platinum from other precious and non-precious metals. A sample is removed for assaying, which is the process of measuring the platinum ...

The Properties and Applications of Platinum

The first step in this process is to crush platinum containing ore and immerse it in the reagent containing water; a process known as 'froth flotation'. During flotation, air is pumped through the ore-water slurry. Platinum particles chemically attach on to the oxygen and rise to the surface in a froth that is skimmed off for further refining.

Chemical Engineer: Job Duties, Occupational Outlook, and ...

Typically, chemical engineers will specialize in a particular process, like oxidation, or specialize in a particular field or product. They must be able to solve problems as they arise and evaluate the engineering process for safety compliance and environmental regulations. Check out the following chart for an overview of this career.

Mining And Mineral Processing The Lithosphere Siyavula

Surface mining (alluvial deposits) and underground mining (pipe mining). Diamonds are extracted from rocks and in almost pure form. Copper: Surface mining (open pit mining). Leaching is used to extract the copper using an acid. Platinum: Underground mining (shaft mining). Chemical methods and as a byproduct of copper mining. Zinc: Underground ...

platinum mining, mining of platinum, platinum, platinum ...

Precious metals refining processes have developed considerably in recent years. The older or classical process involved first roasting the Platinum Group Metal(PGM) concentrate. This made the rhodium, iridium and ruthenium. The platinum, palladium and gold were then dissolved and separated by a series of subsequent precipitations.

Major Mines Projects Mogalakwena Mine

MINING METHOD. Mining of the orebody is by open pit methods (truck-and-shovel). OPERATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE. Current mining areas comprises five open pits: Sandsloot, Zwartfontein, Mogalakwena South, North and Central. Pit depths vary from 45m to 245m. Ore is milled on-mine at the North and South concentrators as well as at the Baobab concentrator.

Natural Sciences Grade 9 - Grade 7-9 Workbooks

Most minerals go through chemical extraction and refining processes to purify them for use in making materials and other chemical products. These are then distributed to where they are needed, for example, coal is distributed to coal power stations and slag is

Platinum (Pt) - Chemical properties, Health and ...

The largest use (50%) of platinum is for jewellery, another 20% is used in industry: platinum is used in the chemical, electrical, glass and aircraft industries, each accounting for about 10 tonnes of the metal per year. The glass industry uses platinum for optical fibers and liquid crystal display glass, especially for

(PDF) Direct leach approaches to Platinum Group Metal (PGM ...

The conventional smelter-based process options are justifiable for high grade, low chromite, large resource and long life-of-mine operations. Discover the world's research 17+ million members

Extracting platinum metals - Chemical Engineering Page 1

Mar 01, 2016  The traditional method for recovering platinum-group metals (Pt, Pa, Ir, Os, Rh, Ru and Au) is not economically viable in the case of low-grade deposits, but researchers from the Western Australian School of Mines, Curtin University (Perth; curtin.edu.au) and the Dept. of Processing Engineering, Stellenbosch University (Matieland, South Africa; sun.ac.za) may have found a cost ...

How is platinum extracted from its ore

Sep 19, 2014  However, in mining using 4.5 tonnes of ore to produce one gram of platinum would not be considered abnormal. The extraction process Before a mine is even opened the potential site is explored and assessed for viability, in other words, is it profitable to extract the metal from the ore.

Extracting platinum metals - Chemical Engineering Page 1

Mar 01, 2016  The traditional method for recovering platinum-group metals (Pt, Pa, Ir, Os, Rh, Ru and Au) is not economically viable in the case of low-grade deposits, but researchers from the Western Australian School of Mines, Curtin University (Perth; curtin.edu.au) and the Dept. of Processing Engineering, Stellenbosch University (Matieland, South Africa; sun.ac.za) may have found a cost ...

platinum mining, mining of platinum, platinum, platinum ...

Precious metals refining processes have developed considerably in recent years. The older or classical process involved first roasting the Platinum Group Metal(PGM) concentrate. This made the rhodium, iridium and ruthenium. The platinum, palladium and gold were then dissolved and separated by a series of subsequent precipitations.

Mining And Mineral Processing The Lithosphere Siyavula

Surface mining (alluvial deposits) and underground mining (pipe mining). Diamonds are extracted from rocks and in almost pure form. Copper: Surface mining (open pit mining). Leaching is used to extract the copper using an acid. Platinum: Underground mining (shaft mining). Chemical methods and as a byproduct of copper mining. Zinc: Underground ...

Mine Water and Wastewater Treatment Solutions

Mine water treatment (process wastewater) Sludge stream treatment; Veolia supplied the uranium mine with a demineralisation plant for the treatment of water used in mineral extraction processes. The main systems components for mine water treatment used here

titanium processing Technology, Methods, Facts ...

Titanium processing, the extraction of titanium from its ores and the preparation of titanium alloys or compounds. The high reactivity of titanium with oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the air at elevated temperatures necessitates complicated and therefore costly production and fabrication processes.

Chemical Process - an overview ScienceDirect Topics

Ian Sutton, in Process Risk and Reliability Management (Second Edition), 2015. Center for Chemical Process Safety. The Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) is a directorate of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE). The CCPS, which is sponsored by approximately 80 companies in the process industries, was established in 1985 in response to a number of catastrophic incidents ...

Mining Safety Tips GoContractor Contractor Management

Chemical Hazards – Mine workers are exposed to a number of chemical hazards in the course of their job. There is often a chemical separation process in mining, where the metals and minerals being mined are separated from an ore/substance. Polymeric chemicals are used in the flocculation process in coal mining to treat waste water by making ...

How is platinum extracted from its ore

Sep 19, 2014  However, in mining using 4.5 tonnes of ore to produce one gram of platinum would not be considered abnormal. The extraction process Before a mine is even opened the potential site is explored and assessed for viability, in other words, is it profitable to extract the metal from the ore.

(PDF) Direct leach approaches to Platinum Group Metal (PGM ...

The conventional smelter-based process options are justifiable for high grade, low chromite, large resource and long life-of-mine operations. Discover the world's research 17+ million members

Froth Flotation Process - Mineral Processing Metallurgy

The Froth Flotation Process is about taking advantage of the natural hydrophobicity of liberated (well ground) minerals/metals and making/playing on making them hydrophobic (water-repel) individually to carefully separate them from one another and the slurry they are in. For this purpose we use chemicals/reagents: Frothers (MIBC) is what allows the formation of air bubbles.

Palladium Mining, Techniques, Mines, Occurence, PGM, Metal ...

Palladium is normally a platinum group Metal (PGM). It is a rare element and occurs along with deposits of platinum, nickel, copper, silver and gold and is therefore obtained as a byproduct of mining these metals i.e. PGM. The mining of palladium is a very intricate process because of the fact that palladium is so spread out under the surface and in the mines and requires using mechanical ...

Copper Mining and Processing: Processing of Copper Ores ...

Copper processing is a complicated process that begins with mining of the ore (less than 1% copper) and ends with sheets of 99.99% pure copper called cathodes, which will ultimately be made into products for everyday use.The most common types of ore, copper oxide and copper sulfide, undergo two different processes, hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, respectively, due to the different ...

Hydroprocessing: Hydrotreating Hydrocracking - Today at

Refinery Process Modeling, A Practical Guide to Steady State Modeling of Petroleum Processes, 1sted. Gerald Kaes, Athens Printing Company, 02004 Updated: July 12, 2018

Diamond Mining Methods Diamond Museum Cape Town

A single blast can break approx. 3,000 tonnes of ore. Once the ore is broken, excavators load the ore into haul trucks and transport it to a primary ore crusher where the diamond extracting process begins. The Kimberley Big Hole is an example of open-pit mining. In underground mining, miners tunnel through Earth’s crust to the kimberlite pipe ...